OPEN SOURCE AND INTER-FIRM STRATEGY

I hope all of you enjoyed the lecture and have an appreciation of the role open source has played in the restructuring of the technology market.

Here then are the two questions that we ended the lecture with:

1. Describe how firms like Google, Samsung and Qualcomm used the open-source model to break past the WINTEL monopoly? There is sometimes an understanding that open source because it is free is anti market and anti competition. Do you agree or disagree? Your response.

2. Are there new markets that Microsoft and Intel are aiming at? If so which? And Microsoft seems more successful than Intel in reinventing itself. Do some research to find what are Microsoft’s new products and what market has it now successfully entered?

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16 Responses to OPEN SOURCE AND INTER-FIRM STRATEGY

  1. kyle johnson says:

    The business model of an open-source company is different than a traditional software business. The revenue line is different. A closed source software company will usually be able to charge more per unit than an open-source company. Customers do have some resistance to paying a high price per unit for software that is said to be “free.” But, even though open-source software is lower cost per unit, it makes up the total market size by evening the flexibility in the market. When something is cheaper, more people buy it. That’s why open-source companies have such huge and rapid adoption when they achieve product-market fit. Using the “big tech” companies Amazon, Google, Facebook, and yes, Microsoft as an example they all built their entire business model on open source software, and they have paid very little in license fees to software vendors. That’s part of their success. They all applied the lesson very early on that the way you build profitable businesses is to start with a foundation of open source software. They learned that the best way to earn as much as their competitors and take advantage of the economic possibility was to use as much open source as possible. They have created businesses that make huge sums of money, their groups of employees benefit, and they tend not to pay others for software. The money comes in, but it never leaves. Before open source, when companies usually had to pay something for every line of software, that income was at least distributed through many parts of the economy, resulting in less concentration of wealth. So considering that these big companies are using open source to build their empires and not distributing the profits that are being made does make it an anti-market model.
    Intel Corp. of Santa Clara, Calif., introduced its latest and greatest chip — the “Pentium Pro.” The new chip is meant to be the heart of sophisticated, high-end line of computers, more typically used in businesses than in homes. Also, the Global Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare Market is regarded as the next frontier for healthcare innovation. In the healthcare sector, artificial intelligence is being applied for sorting structured and unstructured data. Potential of AI spans across healthcare verticals. AI is considered to play a vital role in overcoming some of the toughest hurdles being faced by healthcare providers. The prominent players operating the global Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare market are Google, Microsoft Corporation, and Intel Corporation. Some of Microsoft’s new products are a slew of new hardware. The Surface Pro 6 and Surface Laptop 2 got refreshed, mostly receiving internal spec bumps and a new matte black finish. Surface Studio 2 was also just a spec refresh. One surprise that Microsoft had up its sleeve was the new Surface Headphones, a high-end set of wireless noise-canceling over-ear headphones. After abandoning Windows Phone efforts, Microsoft looks to be bridging the gap between its PC and mobile OS with a new app mirroring feature that lets users cast their Android screen onto a Windows 10 device. The feature is inside of a Your Phone app, which lets you select an app from your smartphone to use on a Windows 10 desktop. You can also pair it and browse file types to drag and drop into the PC. Microsoft has entered one its company’s hottest product cycles in years. Microsoft has heavily invested in its sales, reseller, integrator, and educator channel around the world. While most large application vendors have a small number of dedicated resellers and consultants, Microsoft has thousands. Microsoft’s strengths in analytics, reporting, and AI. Tools like Excel, PowerBI, and Workplace Analytics are all connected to your core HCM and business application system. Every interaction, survey, comment, or employee project can be analyzed and viewed by Microsoft tools.

  2. kyle johnson says:

    Open Source
    The business model of an open-source company is different than a traditional software business. The revenue line is different. A closed source software company will usually be able to charge more per unit than an open-source company. Customers do have some resistance to paying a high price per unit for software that is said to be “free.” But, even though open-source software is lower cost per unit, it makes up the total market size by evening the flexibility in the market. When something is cheaper, more people buy it. That’s why open-source companies have such huge and rapid adoption when they achieve product-market fit. Using the “big tech” companies Amazon, Google, Facebook, and yes, Microsoft as an example they all built their entire business model on open source software, and they have paid very little in license fees to software vendors. That’s part of their success. They all applied the lesson very early on that the way you build profitable businesses is to start with a foundation of open source software. They learned that the best way to earn as much as their competitors and take advantage of the economic possibility was to use as much open source as possible. They have created businesses that make huge sums of money, their groups of employees benefit, and they tend not to pay others for software. The money comes in, but it never leaves. Before open source, when companies usually had to pay something for every line of software, that income was at least distributed through many parts of the economy, resulting in less concentration of wealth. So considering that these big companies are using open source to build their empires and not distributing the profits that are being made does make it an anti-market model.
    Intel Corp. of Santa Clara, Calif., introduced its latest and greatest chip — the “Pentium Pro.” The new chip is meant to be the heart of sophisticated, high-end line of computers, more typically used in businesses than in homes. Also, the Global Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare Market is regarded as the next frontier for healthcare innovation. In the healthcare sector, artificial intelligence is being applied for sorting structured and unstructured data. Potential of AI spans across healthcare verticals. AI is considered to play a vital role in overcoming some of the toughest hurdles being faced by healthcare providers. The prominent players operating the global Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare market are Google, Microsoft Corporation, and Intel Corporation. Some of Microsoft’s new products are a slew of new hardware. The Surface Pro 6 and Surface Laptop 2 got refreshed, mostly receiving internal spec bumps and a new matte black finish. Surface Studio 2 was also just a spec refresh. One surprise that Microsoft had up its sleeve was the new Surface Headphones, a high-end set of wireless noise-canceling over-ear headphones. After abandoning Windows Phone efforts, Microsoft looks to be bridging the gap between its PC and mobile OS with a new app mirroring feature that lets users cast their Android screen onto a Windows 10 device. The feature is inside of a Your Phone app, which lets you select an app from your smartphone to use on a Windows 10 desktop. You can also pair it and browse file types to drag and drop into the PC. Microsoft has entered one its company’s hottest product cycles in years. Microsoft has heavily invested in its sales, reseller, integrator, and educator channel around the world. While most large application vendors have a small number of dedicated resellers and consultants, Microsoft has thousands. Microsoft’s strengths in analytics, reporting, and AI. Tools like Excel, PowerBI, and Workplace Analytics are all connected to your core HCM and business application system. Every interaction, survey, comment, or employee project can be analyzed and viewed by Microsoft tools.

  3. Alexa Shello says:

    1. Firms like Google, Samsung, and Qualcomm were able to surpass the WINTEL monopoly by being able to predict the future of technology and seeing that growth in mobile tech was where all technology was headed. There was no company loyalty amongst consumers in the mobile industry because it was a completely new innovation. This allowed for people to be more willing to try new companies and switch these carriers- because their current company: windows, for example, was not offering this kind of innovation.
    I also do not think that open source means you are anti-market or anti- competition because at the end of the day, a business is a business and a business is meant to make profit. While the principles of collaboration and innovation are vital to the open source strategy, it is not what makes them anti-market.
    2. Microsoft is still a very modern and innovative company. Just a few months ago Microsoft announced open source implementation of Windows Forms and the Windows Presentation Foundation, allowing for further movement of the company towards transparent release of key frameworks used in developing Windows desktop applications and software. In 2019, the company also said it will offer cyber security service AccountGuard to 12 new markets in Europe. The company is clearly looking to use their current products and expand into international markets that seem to have a lot of room for growth. The company is really looking to reinvent itself as a leading innovative technology company, outside of the mobile industry. It is too late for them to enter that market, as it was too late for Intel, but Microsoft is doing a better job at catering to the international markets and providing tech and information that will help people long-term.

  4. iswalto says:

    Firms like the above realized that open-source technology was the way of the future and therefore decided that getting on board was the easiest path to success. Clinging to an old bond or old technologies ( like that of Wintel) are what caused Windows and Intel to fail. Companies must be willing to adapt in order to succeed. I think open source is anti-market because it eliminates the competitive aspect of companies putting forth the best version of a technology at the lowest price. No longer are companies trying to woo customers and gain business, but are letting consumers decide for themselves who they truly feel is the better company. Therefore, I also think that open-source technology is anti-competition. Without monetary incentive, I think that the companies may become lazy in their innovations because they allow consumers to improve codes themselves. Competition between companies will fail to exist if they aren’t trying to make a profit and raise the most capital from their inventions.
    Microsoft has been able to expand its market successfully, particularly with the gaming market. After its launch of the Xbox, Microsoft saw massive success that they continued to pursue. This was through the Xbox One and Xbox One X. Intel is planning to enter the Graphic Processing Unit Market in hopes to become progressive in the gaming field. Microsoft was successful because it was able to make back a large profit of the funds it lost in creating the Xbox in its sales. Not only was the Xbox successful for Microsoft, the company also continued to improve and innovate the product to make it more competitive with the existing software already in the market. Another factor for Microsoft’s success was their marketing efforts. Unlike Intel, Microsoft has a large presence with TV marketing, so they used that to their advantage to advertise new products. These are the reasons Microsoft surpassed Intel and was able to make it in the new markets.

  5. Kyna Ng says:

    Question 1

    According to CNET (n.p), in the past, the natural monopoly was enjoyed by Microsoft in the world of PC. It emerged as a consequence of different factors, involving the barriers to competition (like proprietary source-code control and patents) and barriers to market entry (like the inconvenience and cost for existing customers for switching the operating systems). However, this WINTEL monopoly was broken by organizations like Qualcomm, Samsung, and Google when they used the open-source model for new technologies such as self-autonomous vehicles. The understanding of the open source also shows that it is anti-competition and anti-market. Open-source is not linked with monopoly nor with anti-competition. Because it is just merely one of the marketing tactics that these companies have adopted to get their phones sold alongside Apple. If Google would have fallen under anti-competition, then it would not have been able to produce a separate and different device with AOSP, and there would have been no play store.  

    Question 2

    In 2017, it was announced by Intel and Microsoft that they would be targeting at new markets. Blockchain was one of the segments both of the companies planned to enter (Enderle n.p). Provided that for global services aggressive competition has been exhibited by Amazon, Microsoft, and Google. Moreover, in comparison to Intel, Microsoft indeed is reinventing itself. Some of the new products of Microsoft is the surface headphones. For example surface laptop 2 and surface pro 6. The Surface Pro 6 is the tablet hybrid/laptop of the company that has been upgraded with the 8th generation processor of Intel. Moreover, the battery life of the laptop has also been extended to 13.5 hours. Whereas, the surface laptop is the 2nd generation laptop and comprises of 8th generation quad-core processor and a battery life of up to 14.5 hours.

  6. Jack Peterson says:

    1.Google, Samsung and Qualcomm all made a strategic decision to use open-source technology to compete against and effectively break past the WINTEL monopoly. Clearly Google recognized the success Linux had in taking over market dominance of the operating system server from Microsoft, and it applied the same logic and strategy in their entrance into the new mobile market. Google backed the open source project Android. This strategic decision to go with Android propelled Google into the mobile market allowing them to dominate the market.  In turn, this very decision kept Windows out of the mobile market. Intel dominated the market producing the CISC chip for PC computers. These chips took lots of power and needed to be connected to a power source. Obviously, this chip could not work in a mobile device so Intel needed to develop a new chip. However, they were not able to change over and develop that chip fast enough. Instead, using open source Samsung and Qualcomm were able to rebuild the old RISC chip quickly which pushed Intel out of the market as well. The Android ARM partnership open-source strategy broke past the WINTEL monopoly that once existed. I continue to believe that the open source model is not anti-market or anti-competition.  In fact the above strategic relationship examples further support my belief. The use of open-source allowed companies to strategically compete against companies that virtually dominated or monopolized the technology markets.  Additionally, it is a valuable zero cost resource that is found and utilized throughout the industry and must be used if technology companies want to stay competitive and serious players in our ongoing technological revolution. For companies to continue to compete in the marketplace they are not able to depend upon the old Windows and Intel technology they instead recognize the strategic benefit of open source.

    2.Ironically, Linux was largely responsible for the fall of Microsoft but in 2016 Microsoft fully embraced the open source concept. Microsoft recognized that they could not support customers properly unless they were involved with the actual development of the open system software. In fact Microsoft is now the largest contributor to the open source community. Microsoft turned its focus to Cloud based business, the cloud version of the operating system. The core cloud market is big business estimated at a $60 billion-a-year per Synergy Research Group. Microsoft’s Azure is the second largest cloud-based computer processing and storage business. It is an open source platform. Additionally, Microsoft has aggressively turned to AI or artificial intelligence and devotes significant resources to develop this market. The CEO of Microsoft, Satya Nadella said they recognize that AI has the ability to influence every part of our lives including things like, how we drive our cars, manage our healthcare etc. The Azure platform can already identify and classify images in its database. Microsoft is also entering into emerging markets in developing countries where technology is very limited or nonexistent. Clearly Nadella has changed the culture at Microsoft because he understands that our society is being reshaped by digital technology and Microsoft is meeting the challenge head on. Intel is still in the processing business but it focuses more on the data analysis/management and AI markets too. Intel acquired Mobileye self-driving tech company to assist them in AI drive sector. Microsoft has had more success then Intel since Wintel ended. Under the leadership of Nadella, Microsoft has successfully entered the cloud infrastructure market.

  7. Brandon Cassidy says:

    1.Google, Samsung, and Qualcomm all saw a great opportunity with the open source model. The open source model enabled the three companies to regain ground and overcome WINTEL. Google used an open source project with Android that took over the market. This project brought Google into the mobile market while pushing Windows away from the market. Intel chose to create a CISC chip which consumed a significant amount of power. They did not care because every PC and laptop is connected to a power source. When Intel tried to use CISC for mobile devices this did not work, and they needed to prepare a chip for the mobile market. Companies like Samsung, NVidia, and Qualcomm recreated chips from 1980’s using RISC technology. The Android arm partnership completely changed the industry, it shut down WINTEL because no CISC technology could get into the market. I do not think that any firm could have predicted the switch between CISC and RISC because RISC was revived from the 1980’s. I think that there are aspects of open-source that make it seem like it is anti-market and anti-competition. This is just due to the fact that open-source is free and doesn’t seem to generate revenue for companies. If we look past the fact that open-source is free we can see that companies are using open-source to gain a competitive advantage. Open-source gave Samsung, Qualcomm, and Google the ability to take over a giant partnership that seemed invincible. If it wasn’t for Open-source, we would still be relying on the same old technology from WINTEL that isn’t anything as powerful as what we have today. With Open-source the technology industry took a massive leap forward toward more innovation which is why I do not think that Open-source is anti-market.

    2. Intel has now started getting involved with Open-source because they clearly couldn’t survive without it. This is very similar to Microsoft who has grown dominant in the Open-source market. Microsoft has always enjoyed success with their Xbox line which was able to bring in tremendous income through there Xbox live memberships, games, and constantly growing features. It also helps that the gaming market has a very established customer base which helped them maintain income when other projects like their phones failed. There are a few emerging projects from Microsoft that are going to be generating a lot of revenue for the company in the future. Microsoft is developing the artificial intelligence market and they are trying to become the leader in this emerging market which has proven it can impact the entire economy greatly. Microsoft is also using the Azure to help businesses go serverless which is saving companies time and money. The company is trying to turn a profit off the surface series and they are trying to overtake other hardware leaders in the industry like Apple.

  8. schwerthofa says:

    Open source software is a key feature to breaking the Wintel monopoly. Many companies including Google and Samsung brought into their devices and services what people want, and that is open source software. Because these companies, and many others feature this type of software, unlike Wintel, they brought in a bigger fan base and more users because they offered this software. I would say that while technically open source software is supposed to be anti competition, companies will still try and use open source software in different ways and in different capacities to be better than other competitors.
    Microsoft is definitely reinventing itself to meet the public demand for open source software. The company is aiming at working with fellow internet and technology companies to advance their systems and software and to become more tech user friendly. Microsoft have been innovating their Microsoft systems such as PowerPoint, Word, Excel, etc. While also doing this, Microsoft has been creating the Microsoft Cloud Space which allows users to save information and such to send documents and such to others easier and faster. Microsoft is advancing much more rapidly than Intel and the key to this is introducing open source software into the company.

  9. Malika H says:

    Microsoft’s natural monopoly has also been sustained by a basic law of software economics: as a vendor’s business grows, the average cost of reproducing its software decreases. With downloadable software, vendors can produce virtually unlimited copies of their software, and each download reduces the unit cost for producing that software. At the same time, each unit downloaded increases the barrier to competition.

    I don’t believe that it is anti competition but, the perfect competition is bad for growth. You have to be careful in confusing free markets with perfect competition. By free markets, I think we mean free entry for new firms and/or products into the market. We don’t want restrictions on innovators from bringing their ideas to the market.

    Growth is ultimately driven by innovation
    People will innovate if they have incentives to innovate
    The incentive to innovate comes from economic profits
    Profits only exist when the innovator or firm has some market power
    The new markets that Microsoft is aiming at is to been more mobile and sleek. They are focused on being lightweight like a tablet but also have the function and power of a laptop at a affordable price for more people. They are coming at with a new surface, the new version would bump the Intel processor under the hood up to an eighth-generation quad-core i5-8350U. This would be an upgrade from the current, and much slower, seventh-generation dual-core i5-7300U processor on board. So intel is working along side Microsoft to help power their surfaces versus investing in the production of their own product similar to a surface etc. These surfaces have a better price point versus investing a large sum of money into the competitions products like with apple.

  10. hagansb says:

    The open source movement changed how companies build software. Facebook, Twitter, and Yahoo employees pitched in during the early days of the data-crunching software Hadoop. Even after the relationship between Apple and Google soured, the companies’ coders kept working together on an obscure but important piece of software called LLVM. Microsoft now uses and contributes to the Linux operating system, even though it competes with Windows. The business model of an open-source company is different than a traditional software business. The revenue line is different. A closed source software company will usually be able to charge more per unit than an open-source company. Customers do have some resistance to paying a high price per unit for software that is said to be “free.” But, even though open-source software is lower cost per unit, it makes up the total market size by evening the flexibility in the market.

    Linux was largely responsible for the fall of Microsoft but in 2016 Microsoft fully embraced the open source concept. Microsoft recognized that they could not support customers properly unless they were involved with the actual development of the open system software. In fact Microsoft is now the largest contributor to the open source communityMicrosoft has been able to expand its market successfully, particularly with the gaming market. After its launch of the Xbox, Microsoft saw massive success that they continued to pursue. This was through the Xbox One and Xbox One X. Intel is planning to enter the Graphic Processing Unit Market in hopes to become progressive in the gaming field. Microsoft was successful because it was able to make back a large profit of the funds it lost in creating the Xbox in its sales.

  11. 1. Describe how firms like Google, Samsung, and Qualcomm used the open-source model to break past the WINTEL monopoly? There is sometimes an understanding that open source because it is free, is anti-market and anti-competition. Do you agree or disagree? Your response.

    Big companies like Google, Samsung, and Qualcomm use open source to create similar products such as chips and mobile devices. WINTEL dominated the market and other companies create products just like them but was never successful. Google made chips for mobile devices and partnered with Android and changed the market. I don’t think it is an anti-competition or anti-market. I believe that open source is providing the minimum required resources for all and future devices. Competition is all about how you market the company and move with the advancement of technology.

    2. Are there new markets that Microsoft and Intel are aiming at? If so which? And Microsoft seems more successful than Intel in reinventing itself. Do some research to find what are Microsoft’s new products and what market has it now successfully entered?

    Microsoft has done some consumer research and found that Apple might be their competition but the office software is needed in corporate jobs. Pages, Numbers, and Keynote applications will never match against Microsoft software. Therefore, Microsoft has made new icons to reinvent themselves and also created access for Mac users to download the software. Another great concept is Microsoft 365. IT is a subscription-based computerized system that allows basic access to users who do not own a Microsoft pc.

    https://www.seattletimes.com/business/microsoft-tech-giant-enters-new-markets/

  12. Nataly Arevalo says:

    1. Describe how firms like Google, Samsung and Qualcomm used the open-source model to break past the WINTEL monopoly? There is sometimes an understanding that open source because it is free is anti market and anti competition. Do you agree or disagree? Your response.

    Firms like Google, Samsung and Qualcomm used the open-source model to break past the WINTEL monopoly by using all the information available to become much more competitive. It is said that a closed source has information better secured because people aren’t willing to pay for such information while and open source is open to the public and any information can be taken from it.I don’t believe it is true that a open source is anti market or anti competition. Companies like Google and Samsung are making profit from people visiting their sites even though they don’t charge for people to access their pages. It isn’t necessary for pages to charge for people’s use to become more powerful than others.

    2. Are there new markets that Microsoft and Intel are aiming at? If so which? And Microsoft seems more successful than Intel in reinventing itself. Do some research to find what are Microsoft’s new products and what market has it now successfully entered?
    Microsoft seems to be aiming at a partnership with VMware. By putting their competition days in the past. They are aiming in becoming the best.
    Also Microsoft is aiming in releasing Microsoft System Center this month. The System Center 2019 has the following areas of focus:
    First-class tools to monitor and manage data centers
    Support and manage capabilities in the latest versions of Windows Server
    Enable hybrid management and monitoring capabilities with Azure

    Also Microsoft is launching their new Xbox in May. The new Xbox would be entirely reliant upon Internet access and digital licenses for its software, which would further incentivize customers to subscribe to Microsoft services such as its Game Pass.

  13. Brandon S. says:

    1. Describe how firms like Google, Samsung and Qualcomm used the open-source model to break past the WINTEL monopoly? There is sometimes an understanding that open source because it is free is anti market and anti competition. Do you agree or disagree? Your response.

    Google, Samsung, Qualcomm, etc, all use the open source model to their advantage. Open source makes it really easy to stay competitive and keep innovation high because since everything is free, their is a quality standard that must be lived up to. The competition among the open source firms is fierce. The WINTEL monopoly was very much the opposite of open source and probably hurt both companies in the long run. I do not agree that open source is anti market or anti competition because really it bolsters competition instead of hindering it. For an open source firm to remain in today’s market climate, they need to put out products that are better than everyone else, otherwise they will fail. Even Microsoft has now started to adopt the open source with some of their products with their use of LINUX.

    2. Are there new markets that Microsoft and Intel are aiming at? If so which? And Microsoft seems more successful than Intel in reinventing itself. Do some research to find what are Microsoft’s new products and what market has it now successfully entered?

    Windows is still an innovating and vibrant company in the tech industry. They still lead the market share with regards to PC operating systems, and their Microsoft office suite is used everywhere. Revenue has been up overall for Microsoft, and even Bing, a Google search competitor, has been making money. Over the past few years, Microsoft has been focusing more and more on hardware, and their Surface line has been very popular. It started out as just a hybrid tablet/laptop, but now makes dedicated laptops, desktop PC’s, and even headphones. Some of the areas where they are innovating is in mixed reality with their HoloLens product and will be launching HoloLens 2 very soon. HoloLens is being marketed at mostly towards business and medical professionals from both a teaching and using standpoint. Intel on the other hand has been a little slower to keep up with competition. That being said, they still offer some of the most powerful chips on the market, and they still dominate the OEM market. I would say the Microsoft has been more successful at keeping up with innovation and reinventing itself when compared to Intel, but Intel knows what its best at and has continued to be a leader in that category.

  14. Elyse Cuttic says:

    The major companies as mentioned like Google, Samsung, Qualcomm were able to surpass the Wintel dominance beaus of their ability to listen and innovate in order to get ahead of their competition. These companies all used the open source business model to attract their customers. The internet and that type of technology was relativity new and they got customers to move away from the powerhouse companies and go to the new open source companies as such listed in the question. I do not think the open source is an anti market or competition. These big open source companies compete against each other every day. They are fighting for customer loyalty and money. They are also looking to improve their products and technology. So with this in mind i don’t think the open source is an anti anything they are looking for profits and to enhance their companies.

    There are a few markets that Microsoft and Intel are trying to break into. Mircosoft has more of a name brand than Intel in this day in age. With more people trusting their name they are more willing to take a chance on their new products. Right now Microsoft is trying to advance their product and softwares. Microsoft was the producers of Xbox. They keep updating their xbox to make it better, the gaming industry they were not in before that product. Microsoft has able been updating their Office software. They keep updating it to make newer innovations and making their softwares easier to use. Intel is currently making their first hybrid processor its called the Intel Lakefield. Accoridng to Techradar, “in this way, Lakefield operates more like the ARM processor found in your smartphone than the traditional computer CPUs that have been powering laptops and desktop PCs practically since they were invented. Lakefield may well become the biggest game-changer for computers in a very long time”.

  15. 1) Google, Samsung, and Qualcomm were able to break past WINTEL using the open source model and by innovating their product to make it superior to WINTEL. These companies realized what the future holds with technology and were able to successfully predict what software and technology would be popular with consumers. I do not believe open source is anti market because it creates a market of customer loyalty to brands and forces competition between companies to constantly innovate to win over consumers. The more competition for customers the more technology is enhanced and improved and the more money there is to be made.
    2) Microsoft and Intel seem to be breaking farther apart with Microsoft being more successful and Intel slowly fades out. Microsoft is still a household name with younger generations because of the breakthrough in the video game department with Xbox. Microsoft also developed windows 10 which has been very successful and it was just announced that it will be in the new gaming system the Nintendo switch very soon.

  16. Rolston G. Nelson Jr. says:

    1. Describe how firms like Google, Samsung and Qualcomm used the open-source model to break past the WINTEL monopoly? There is sometimes an understanding that open source because it is free is anti market and anti competition. Do you agree or disagree? Your response.
    Firms such as Google, Samsung and Qualcomm were able to use the open source model to not end up like WINTEL monopoly crisis. They achieved this by keep on producing more advanced versions of their company’s product. They were thinking on the path since everyday technology is being more advanced and more advancements they want to follow the trend and not fall behind because they did not want to lose their customers or business. I believe that open source is not an anti market or competition. I came to this understanding because in the business world, there is so much competition against the numerous companies against one another. All of these firms have the the same mindset by trying to how can we keep our customers satisifed with our products to keep bringing in profits. As a result by doing this, they always tries to improve update their products and technology.
    2. Are there new markets that Microsoft and Intel are aiming at? If so which? And Microsoft seems more successful than Intel in reinventing itself. Do some research to find what are Microsoft’s new products and what market has it now successfully entered?
    There are new markets that Microsoft and Intel are trying to partner up with, however they will not have the outcome as one another. Since Microsoft has better credibility than Intel it will not be difficult for them to land in a new market. When Microsoft has a barrier in front of them they always find a way to come around and do better, and sometimes they end up facing that same barrier, however, they come out on top of their situation. Intel does not have that luck based on the previous reading from the last discussion. They are struggling to maintain to their name, it is only a matter of time before they lose their company. Microsoft is mostly known in the world of business. They are tying to change the cloud is used in the business world. Although Microsoft has rough paths they always are able to come out on top.

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